15 Minutes Past Sagittarius

Dragons and virgins belong together in the Western mind. The images as we have them developed together through the Dark Ages. Dragons are quite solitary creatures, usually referred to as ‘she,’ and they have an appetite for virgins.

It’s different in the East. Asian dragons are rather high up in the hierarchy of nature spirits, rather like embodiments of the Greek’s primitive elements of fire, water, earth, and wind. Should nature get out of balance, Asian dragons make catastrophic adjustments to restore harmony, but they are normally more benign than in the West, and serve a natural purpose. The ideas of balance and harmony is captured in the traditional Buddhist symbol – an abstract rendering of two dragons circling each other facing outward, each holding the other’s tale in it’s mouth. The image encapsulates Taoist philosophy of the interplay of Yin and Yang.

Post Roman Europe went quite the opposite way, however. Rather than seeking balance, we incorporated polar extremes in our world view. Dragons and virgins are among these.

When Constantine made Christianity the state religion of the Roman Empire, there were about four fundamentally different interpretations of the faith. The religion and its moral code finally became standardized through the ministry and writings of St. Augustine. He had immersed himself in various understandings of Christianity before finally fixing himself on the idea that we humans are utterly corrupt and unworthy of redemption, and totally dependent on the mercy of God, who inexplicably loves us. In particular, Augustine condemned our desire nature as emblematic of our original sin, defying God’s will. And so he preached the ascetic life.

Northern Europeans had dragon myths from pagan times. As these people became Christian, dragons absorbed the quality of being among the last fading remnants of the previous age of earth, a time of magical creatures and sorcerers. Once Europe was Christian, however, the dragon became increasingly reptilian, connected at least unconsciously with the serpent in the Garden of Eden. In association with the serpent, the dragon became the subconscious archetype for Eve’s desire nature. The dragon handed down to us is the female libido.

Not all early interpretations of Christianity recognized Jesus as divinity, as One of the Three Persons of God. Augustinian Christianity did, and so Jesus could be perfect, even though men are fundamentally corrupt, because He was God made flesh. That gives support for the hope that at least men are potentially redeemable, but women are different enough that they need a model for holiness, too. Meeting this, Christianity found increasing importance in the virgin birth of Jesus, admitting that in Mary’s likeness a woman could be pure enough that God as the incorporeal Holy Spirit (not the personified Father) would come to her.

Many ancient religions included tales of immaculate conception, varying from visitations by the One (as in Buddha’s conception) to impregnation by any of a family of gods. Alexander the Great is said to have been conceived by a god coming to his mother; being half mortal, half god handily accounted for Alexander’s incredible military and cultural accomplishments, though the legend may have also been a political device to remove the implication of patricide in any complicity he may have had in the assassination of his mother’s husband, the king.

However, the virginity of Mary took on great significance to the Christian world. No element of sex or desire was involved in Jesus’s conception. Had lust played any part, that stain would have been passed on to Jesus in the same way that original sin is passed on to us, and as perfect man, Jesus could not be stained. In this context, one might cast a Freudian eye on what Augustine writes about his mother, and his subsequent adult relationships with women, then consider how the original sin of disobedience to God became fixed to Adam, while at least subconsciously (where it actually has more power) Eve’s sinfulness became identified with her desire nature. Surely the first shame – recognizing that they were naked – became dominantly linked to Eve in Augustine’s thought as he struggled with asceticism.

In the Dark Ages, only first-born sons of the nobility inherited the titles and estates of their fathers. The church hierarchy became the place for other, disenfranchised sons to find a place with many of the trappings of aristocracy. The church became a worldly institution, and reflected a male-dominated feudal culture. The political and social repression of women was extended into religious doctrine, too. The stain of our desire nature was even blacker in the hearts of the lesser humans, women, and could only be redeemable within the bonds of marriage. The ideal for a woman is to be like the Virgin Mary, her passion only for God, and by remaining innocent to be desirable to God.

Feminine passion can be restrained, but not destroyed. Our unconscious sense of it is contained in the dragon. Fittingly, our dragon rests in solitude underground, and can only be approached through a narrow cave opening. Heros can’t resist approaching her, however, because she guards a treasure. That treasure is sometimes said to be precious jewels of the earth, sometimes her own eggs. Our dragon is scaled because of her association with the serpent. We can’t admit she is warm-blooded, and so we recognize her fire as coming from a furnace where a heart should be, and the flames released under pressure as a weapon, rather than any civil use of fire. Yet her fiery breath is not the greatest challenge to the hero-thief; never mind any aversion we may have to reptiles, he finds her hypnotically beautiful, her voice intoxicating.

The virgin and dragon are polar opposites of the mortal aspect of women. The virgin is seen as holy because she hasn’t had worldly experience. That, however, is only Augustinian interpretation of the virgin birth. The simpler is that immaculate conception is evidence that something comes into this world through a woman that is not of this world, but rather of Deity. According to His purposes for us, God sends the heavenly, the divine in the person of a man who walks among us, whether we understand this to be His Son, Jesus, or as in another culture the warrior Alexander. Virgin birth speaks to the heavenly origin of the child thus conceived, not to whether Deity condemns the desires we mortals have for each other.

It’s revealing that the first great dragon story of the Dark Ages, St. George and the Dragon, is almost concurrent with Augustine’s ministry. As Augustine’s preaching of ascetic living spread, a dragon crawled from a well, quite close to Augustine’s homeland in North Africa. The local king tried to placate the beast with livestock, but eventually found himself having to offer his own daughter in sacrifice to save his kingdom. Giving his virgin daughter to the beast would be her death. This image expresses the paternal, Augustinian concept that freeing a woman’s libido leads to her damnation. And the image draws from a father’s emotion that the idealized romance with his daughter is changed forever when she marries.

One needn’t study the legend of St. George and the dragon overmuch to recognize the erotic metaphors. There’s a message in that George declined to marry the princess and moved on to fight other dragons because he had already quieted the flames of her beast outside wedlock – never mind that he introduced himself to the dragon as “a man of pure heart.” The legend encapsulated Dark Ages attitudes toward the feminine libido, and became the standard for dragon lore.

European dragons are evil because they are the feminine libido repressed. This is not to underplay the significance of a woman’s virginity – only that suppression and condemnation of any passion whatsoever in a woman creates an untamed and corrupt monster when it finally does find release. And in the polarized view of the feminine that developed in the Dark Ages, the dragon is usually provoked by men who attempt to steal her treasure.

Sexuality is external to a man, internal to a woman. Our coming together reenacts the divine mystery of the meeting of soul with spirit. To say that Augustinian condemnation of a woman’s passions should be corrected by unbridling the dragon is to invite unknown evils of the opposite extreme, to remold women in the likeness of men. There is a balance to be found. Ideally, when George took the maiden’s belt to tie her dragon’s neck, he should have handed the leash to the princess herself, not to her father. Then the dragon’s beauty could be made manifest to us above ground, expressing her spirit in its natural harmony in this world..